Chemical Modification of Small Interfering RNA
Chemically synthesized siRNAs are widely used for gene silencing. For in vitro applications, stability, delivery, and immunological issues are rarely problematic, but for in vivo applications the situation is different. Limited stability, undesirable pharmacokinetic behaviour, and unanticipated side effects from the immune system call for more careful structural siRNA design and inclusion of chemical modifications at selected positions. Also the notion that siRNA induces significant off-target silencing of many non-related genes has promted new effective measures to enhance specificity. The scope of this review is to provide a simple guide to successful chemical and structural modification of siRNAs with improved activity, stability, specificity, and low toxicity.
- GCG: Comparison of Sequences
- Chromatin Immunoprecipitation Using Microarrays
- Virus-Induced Gene Silencing in Ornamental Plants
- Biolistic Transfection of Neurons in Organotypic Brain Slices
- In Vitro Recombination and Mutagenesis of DNA: SOEing Together Tailor-Made Genes
- Isolation of DNA Fragments for Microinjection
- Y Chromosome SNP Analysis Using the Single-Base Extension: A Hierarchical Multiplex Design
- Internal Labeling of DNA Probes
- Estimating Disequilibrium Coefficients
- Approaches for Using Animal Models to Identify Loci That Genetically Interact with Human Disease-Causing Point Mutations