A26 颜色 标准查询与下载

ASTM D2244-02e1 从仪器测定颜色一致性的方法计算色偏差和色公差的标准规范

1.1 This practice covers the calculation, from instrumentally measured color coordinates based on daylight illumination, of color tolerances and small color differences between opaque specimens such as painted panels, plastic plaques, or textile swatches. Where it is suspected that the specimens may be metameric, that is, possess different spectral curves though visually alike in color, Practice D 4086 should be used to verify instrumental results. The tolerances and differences determined by these procedures are expressed in terms of approximately uniform visual color perception in CIE 1976 CIELAB opponent-color space (1), CMC tolerance units (2), CIE94 tolerance units (3), the DIN99 color difference formula given in DIN 6176 (4), or the new CIEDE2000 color difference units (5). The color differences based on Hunter LH, aH, bH opponent-color space (6), or the Friele-MacAdam-Chickering (FMC-2) color space (7), are no longer recommended for industrial practice.1.2 For product specification, the purchaser and the seller shall agree upon the permissible color tolerance between test specimen and reference and the procedure for calculating the color tolerance. Each material and condition of use may require specific color tolerances because other appearance factors, (for example, specimen proximity, gloss, and texture), may affect the correlation between the magnitude of a measured color difference and its commercial acceptability.1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory requirements prior to use.

Standard Practice for Calculation of Color Tolerances and Color Differences from Instrumentally Measured Color Coordinates

ASTM E2222-02 颜色测量用带有分光计的主机通信的标准实施规程

1.1 This practice provides a standard communications protocol for a serial communication between a host computer and a spectrometer designed for colorimetry. The adoption of the standard communication protocol on the part of instrument manufacturers will allow instrument users the option to employ third-party software, or to replace one instrument with another while retaining the same software. This standard is not intended to replace existing standards, such as SCPI-1999 written by the SCPI Consortium as a set of Standard Commands for Programmable Instruments for bench-top instruments that utilize the IEEE-488 or IEEE-488.2 interface. This standard has been adopted by many analytical instrument makers and is used by them as the interface standard for spectroscopy even when the instrument interface is RS-232c.1.2 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

Standard Practice for Host Computer Communication with Spectrometers for Color Measurements

JIS Z 8102:2001 不发光物体颜色名称

Names of non-luminous object colours

DIN 6176:2001 根据DIN99-公式进行表面色差的比色评定

The document defines a procedure for the determination of small colourdifferences of surface colours, in addition to and based on the CIELAB-formula as given in DIN 6174, with compared to the CIELAB-formula a new weighting of the contributions of brightness, hue and chroma.#,,#

Colorimetric evaluation of colour differences of surface colours according to DIN99-formula

ASTM D1535-01 用孟塞尔制规定颜色的标准实施规程

1.1 This practice provides a means of specifying the colors of objects in terms of the Munsell color order system, a system based on the color-perception attributes hue, lightness, and chroma. The practice is limited to opaque objects, such as the painted surfaces viewed in daylight by an observer having normal color vision. This practice provides a simple visual method as an alternative to the more precise and more complex method based on spectrophotometry and the CIE system (see Practices E308 and E1164). Provision is made for conversion of CIE data to Munsell notation. 1.2 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

Standard Practice for Specifying Color by the Munsell System

JIS Z 8719 ERRATUM 1:2000 条件配色指数.发光物颜色改变的条件配色度的评价方法(勘误1)

Metamerism index -- Evaluation method of degree of metamerism for change in illuminant (Erratum 1)

JIS Z 8723:2000 表面颜色的视觉比较方法

この規格は，検装物，染色物，印刷物などの物体の表面色を視感によって比較する方法について規定する。ただし，完全鏡面に近い面()の色を比較する場合を除く。

Methods for visual comparison of surface colours

JIS Z 8722:2000 颜色测量方法.反射和发射物体

この規格は，2度視野に基づくXYZ表色系()(以下，XYZ表色系という。)度視野にサづくXYZ表色系()(以下，XY(Z表色系という。)によって物体色(以下，色という。)を測定する方法について規定する。

Methods of colour measurement -- Reflecting and transmitting objects

JIS Z 8105:2000 颜色术语集

この規格は，色に関すろ主な用語(以下，用語という。)及び，その定義について規定する。

Glossary of colour terms

ASTM D1535-00 用孟塞尔制规定颜色的标准实施规程

1.1 This practice provides a means of specifying the colors of objects in terms of the Munsell color order system, a system based on the color-perception attributes hue, lightness, and chroma. The practice is limited to opaque objects, such as the painted surfaces viewed in daylight by an observer having normal color vision. This practice provides a simple visual method as an alternative to the more precise and more complex method based on spectrophotometry and the CIE system (see Practices E308 and E1164). Provision is made for conversion of CIE data to Munsell notation. 1.2 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

Standard Practice for Specifying Color by the Munsell System

JIS C 0446:1999 导线用颜色和数字的标记

この規格は，ケープルの絶縁線心，配線に用いる絶縁電線及び機器内で識別を必要とする個々の絶縁電線と裸線を色又は数字によって識別する場合に適用する。

Identification of conductors by colours or numerals

JIS Z 8701:1999 颜色规范.CIE 1931标准比色体系和CIE 1964补充标准比色体系

この規格は，2度視野に基づくXYZ表色系()(以下，XYZ表色系という。)及び10度視野に基づくXYZ 表色系()(以下，X Y X 表色系という。)にょって色を表示する方法について規定する。

Colour specification -- The CIE 1931 standard colorimetric system and the CIE 1964 supplementary standard colorimetric system

JIS Z 8715:1999 颜色规范.近白色不透明材料的白度

この規格は，白と認められる表面色の，標準の光Dの下での白色度を，白色度指数及び色み指数によって表示する方法について規定する。

Colour specification -- Whiteness of near white opaque materials

WJ 2532-1999 梯恩梯标准色卡规范

TNT standard color card specification

ASTM D1544-98 透明液体颜色的试验方法(加德纳比色刻度尺)

1.1 This test method covers the measurement of the color of transparent liquids by means of comparison with arbitrarily numbered glass standards. It applies to drying oils, varnishes, fatty acids, polymerized fatty acids, and resin solutions. Its application to other materials has not been tested. 1.2 This standard may involve hazardous materials, operations, and equipment. This standard does not purport to address all of the safety problems associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. >

Standard Test Method for Color of Transparent Liquids (Gardner Color Scale)

ASTM E1345-98(2008)e1 使用多次测定方法减少颜色测定可变性影响的标准操作规程

This practice should be used whenever measured color-scale or color-difference-scale values are to be compared to an established tolerance. In this way it can be demonstrated quantitatively that the sampling and measurement procedures are adequate to allow an unambiguous decision as to whether or not the mean results are within tolerance. This practice is based on portions of SAE J 1545, as it applies to painted or plastic automotive parts. It is generally applicable to object colors in various materials. Textured materials, such as textiles, may require special consideration (see SAE J 1545 and STP 15D Manual on Presentation of Data and Control Chart Analysis ). While Practice E178 deals with outliers, it does not include definitions relating to the box and whisker technique. The definition of an outlier is operational and a little vague because there is still considerable disagreement about what constitutes an outlier. In any normally distributed population, there will be members that range from minus to plus infinity. Theoretically, one should include any member of the population in any sample based on estimates of the population parameters. Practically, including a member that is found far from the mean within a small sample, most members of which are found near the mean, will introduce a systematic bias into the estimate of the population parameters (mean, standard deviation, standard error). Such a bias is in direct contrast with the goal of this practice, namely, to reduce the effects of variability of measurement. For the purposes of this practice, no distinction is made between errors of sampling and members of the tails of the distribution. Practice E178 has several methods and significance tables to attempt to differentiate between these two types of extreme values.1.1 Reduction of the variability associated with average color or color-difference measurements of object-color specimens is achieved by statistical analysis of the results of multiple measurements on a single specimen, or by measurement of multiple specimens, whichever is appropriate. 1.2 This practice provides a means for the determination of the number of measurements required to reduce the variability to a predetermined fraction of the relevant color or color-difference tolerances. 1.3 This practice is general in scope rather than specific as to instrument or material.

Standard Practice for Reducing the Effect of Variability of Color Measurement by Use of Multiple Measurements

ASTM E313-98 计算仪器测量颜色坐标的白色和黄色指数的标准操作规程

1.1 This practive provides numbers that correlate with visual ratings of yellowness or whiteness of white and near-white or colorless object-color specimens, viewed in daylight by an observer with normal color vision. White textiles, paints, and plastics are a few of the materials that can be described by the indices of yellowness or whiteness calculated by this practice. 1.2 For a complete analysis of object colors, by a specified observer and under a specified illuminant, use of three parameters is required. For near-white specimens, however, it is often useful to calculate single-number scales of yellowness or whiteness. This practice provides recommended equations for such scales and discusses their derivations and uses, and limits to their applicability (see also Ref (1)). 1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use .

Standard Practice for Calculating Yellowness and Whiteness Indices from Instrumentally Measured Color Coordinates

AATCC 173-1998 颜色测量委员会(CMC):可接受性小色差的计算

1.1 The CMC formula is a modification of the correponding CIELAB color-difference formula. It has color-difference symbol △E Even though use of the CIE 1976 L*a*b*(CIELAB)equation provides industry with a 'standard'means of calculating and communicating color differences of trials from their standards(see 8.1), it is recognized that CIELAB color-difference values (△E*)correlate poorly with visual assessments. The lack of correlation is caused by the non-uniformity of CIELAB color space (see Fig.1). Significatly improved correlation between visual assessments and instrumentally measured color differences is given by the CMC color-difference formula(see 7.1 to 7.3). The improvement in correlation between visual and instrumental color-difference reports yielded by the CMC equation will usually permit the adoption of a single-number tolerance for judging the accetability of a color match in most situations, regardless of both the color of the standard and the direction of the color difference of any trial from it.Another equation, CIE94 has been considered, but it has not shown any significant improvement over CMC(see 8.2). 1.2 The CMC formula retains, in modified form, the partitioning of overall color difference into differences in lightness, chroma, and hue components(see Fig.2) which is present in the CIELAB color-difference formula. Using the ellipsoidal semi-axes makes the CMC equation suitable for a wide range of uses.

CMC: Calculation of Small Color Differences for Acceptability

ASTM E1345-98 用多次测量法降低颜色测量变异性的影响

1.1 Reduction of the variability associated with average color or color-difference measurements of object-color specimens is achieved by statistical analysis of the results of multiple measurements on a single specimen, or by measurement of multiple specimens, whichever is appropriate. 1.2 This practice provides a means for the determination of the number of measurements required to reduce the variablilty to a predetermined fraction of the relevant color or color-difference tolerances. 1.3 This practice is general in scope rather than specific as to instrument or material.

Standard Practice for Reducing the Effect of Variability of Color Measurement by Use of Multiple Measurements

ASTM E1345-98(2003) 用多次测量法降低颜色测量变异性的影响

This practice should be used whenever measured color-scale or color-difference-scale values are to be compared to an established tolerance. In this way it can be demonstrated quantitatively that the sampling and measurement procedures are adequate to allow an unambiguous decision as to whether or not the mean results are within tolerance. This practice is based on portions of SAE Practice J 1545, as it applies to painted or plastic automotive parts. It is generally applicable to object colors in various materials. Textured materials, such as textiles, may require special consideration (see SAE Practice J 1545 and STP 15D Manual on Presentation of Data and Control Chart Analysis5 ). While Practice E 178 deals with outliers, it does not include definitions relating to the box and whisker technique. The definition of an outlier is operational and a little vague because there is still considerable disagreement about what constitutes an outlier. In any normally distributed population, there will be members that range from minus to plus infinity. Theoretically, one should include any member of the population in any sample based on estimates of the population parameters. Practically, including a member that is found far from the mean within a small sample, most members of which are found near the mean, will introduce a systematic bias into the estimate of the population parameters (mean, standard deviation, standard error). Such a bias is in direct contrast with the goal of this practice, namely, to reduce the effects of variability of measurement. For the purposes of this practice, no distinction is made between errors of sampling and members of the tails of the distribution. Practice E 178 has several methods and significance tables to attempt to differentiate between these two types of extreme values.1.1 Reduction of the variability associated with average color or color-difference measurements of object-color specimens is achieved by statistical analysis of the results of multiple measurements on a single specimen, or by measurement of multiple specimens, whichever is appropriate.1.2 This practice provides a means for the determination of the number of measurements required to reduce the variability to a predetermined fraction of the relevant color or color-difference tolerances.1.3 This practice is general in scope rather than specific as to instrument or material.

Standard Practice for Reducing the Effect of Variability of Color Measurement by Use of Multiple Measurements