P02 经济管理 标准查询与下载

ISO 10845-7:2011 建筑采购.第7部分:合同中当地企业和劳工参股

This part of ISO 10845 establishes a key performance indicator in the form of a contract participation goal (CPG) relating to the engagement of local enterprises and labour on a contract for the provision of services or engineering and construction works. A CPG may be used to measure the outcomes of a contract in relation to the engagement of local enterprises and labour or to establish a target level of performance for the contractor to achieve or exceed in the performance of a contract. This part of ISO 10845 sets out the methods by which the key performance indicator is measured, quantified and verified in the performance of the contract in respect of two different targeting strategies: targeting strategy A and targeting strategy B. NOTE Annex A contains commentary on the clauses in this part of ISO 10845. Annex B provides guidance on how to develop the targeting data for a procurement document using this part of ISO 10845.

Construction procurement - Part 7: Participation of local enterprises and labour in contracts

ASTM E2204-11 建筑相关工程的经济影响概括的标准指南

This guide reduces the time and effort to communicate the findings of project impact studies and improves the quality of communication between those who measure economic impacts and those who evaluate and interpret them. Following the guide assures the user that relevant economic information on the project is included in a summary format that is understandable to both the preparer and user. Since the standard guide provides a consistent approach to reporting the economic impacts of projects, it facilitates the comparison of economic studies across projects and over time. The guide focuses on projects in construction and building-related research. It applies to government as well as private projects. And while the examples treat building-related projects, the guide is applicable to non-building-related projects as well. Building-sector users of this guide include building owners and managers, private-sector construction companies, research groups in building and construction industry trade associations, parties to public-sector construction projects, and government laboratories conducting building-related research. Use the guide to summarize the results of economic impact studies that use Practices E917 (Life-Cycle Costs), E964 (Benefit-to-Cost and Savings-to-Investment Ratios), E1057 (Internal Rate of Return and Adjusted Internal Rate of Return), E1074 (Net Benefits and Net Savings), E1121 (Payback), E1699 (Value Analysis), and E1765 (Analytical Hierarchy Process for Multiattribute Decision Analysis). Use this guide in conjunction with Guide E1369 to summarize the results of economic impact studies involving natural or man-made hazards, or both, that occur infrequently but have significant consequences. Use the guide to summarize the impacts of projects that affect exclusively initial costs, benefits, or savings, as well as projects that affect life-cycle costs, benefits, or savings. Note 18212;Examples of projects dealing exclusively with initial costs, benefits, or savings include design modifications or innovative construction practices that reduce labor or material costs, reduce construction duration, or increase construction productivity, but leave future costs, benefits, or savings unchanged. Use the guide to summarize the impacts of projects that affect parties that are internal to the organization preparing the summary as well as projects that affect not only the organization preparing the summary but also groups external to the organization. Note 28212;Projects whose impacts are internal only correspond to situations where the organization preparing the summary bears all of the costs and receives all of the benefits or savings, or both, from the project. Examples include, but are not limited to, the use of innovative construction practices or alternative building materials, components, or systems that reduce initial costs or future costs, or both, to the building owner. Note 38212;Projects with a public-sector component frequently have impacts that reach beyond th.........

Standard Guide for Summarizing the Economic Impacts of Building-Related Projects

ASTM E2506-11 对新的和现有的建造设施实行成本效益风险缓解计划的标准指南

Standard practices for measuring the economic performance of investments in buildings and building systems have been published by ASTM. A computer program that produces economic measures consistent with these practices is available. The computer program is described in Appendix X3. Discount Factor Tables has been published by ASTM to facilitate computing measures of economic performance for most of the practices. Investments in long-lived projects, such as the erection of new constructed facilities or additions and alterations to existing constructed facilities, are characterized by uncertainties regarding project life, operation and maintenance costs, revenues, and other factors that affect project economics. Since future values of these variable factors are generally unknown, it is difficult to make reliable economic evaluations. The traditional approach to uncertainty in project investment analysis is to apply economic methods of project evaluation to best-guess estimates of project input variables, as if they were certain estimates, and then to present results in a single-value, deterministic fashion. When projects are evaluated without regard to uncertainty of inputs to the analysis, decision makers may have insufficient information to measure and evaluate the financial risk of investing in a project having a different outcome from what is expected. To make reliable economic evaluations, treatment of uncertainty and risk is particularly important for projects affected by natural and man-made hazards that occur infrequently, but have significant consequences. Following this guide when performing an economic evaluation assures the user that relevant economic information, including information regarding uncertain input variables, is considered for projects affected by natural and man-made hazards. Use this guide in the project initiation and planning phases of the project delivery process. Consideration of alternative combinations of risk mitigation strategies early in the project delivery process allows both greater flexibility in addressing specific hazards and lower costs associated with their implementation. Use this guide for economic evaluations based on Practices E917 (life-cycle costs), E964 (benefit-to-cost and savings-to-investment ratios), E1057 (internal rate of return and adjusted internal rate of return), E1074 (net benefits and net savings), and E1765 (analytical hierarchy process for multiattribute decision analysis). Use this guide in conjunction with Guide E2204 to summarize the results of economic evaluations involving natural and man-made hazards.1.1 This guide describes a generic framework for developing a cost-effective risk mitigation plan for new and existing constructed facilitiesbuildings, industrial facilities, and other critical infrastructure. This guide provides owners and managers of constructed facilities, architects, engineers, constructors, other providers of professional services for constructed facilities, and researchers an approach for formulating and evaluating combinations of risk mitigation strategies. 1.2 This guide insures that the combinations of mitigation strategies are formulated so that they can be rigorously analyzed with economic tools. Economic tools include evaluation methods, standards that support and guide the application of those metho......

Standard Guide for Developing a Cost-Effective Risk Mitigation Plan for New and Existing Constructed Facilities

ASTM E1369-11 建筑及建筑系统经济评价的不确定性和风险选择技术标准指南

Investments in long-lived projects such as buildings are characterized by uncertainties regarding project life, operation and maintenance costs, revenues, and other factors that affect project economics. Since future values of these variable factors are generally not known, it is difficult to make reliable economic evaluations. The traditional approach to project investment analysis has been to apply economic methods of project evaluation to best-guess estimates of project input variables as if they were certain estimates and then to present results in single-value, deterministic terms. When projects are evaluated without regard to uncertainty of inputs to the analysis, decision makers may have insufficient information to measure and evaluate the risk of investing in a project having a different outcome from what is expected. Risk analysis is the body of theory and practice that has evolved to help decision makers assess their risk exposures and risk attitudes so that the investment that is the best bet for them can be selected. Note 18212;The decision maker is the individual or group of individuals responsible for the investment decision. For example, the decision maker may be the chief executive officer or the board of directors. Uncertainty and risk are defined as follows. Uncertainty (or certainty) refers to a state of knowledge about the variable inputs to an economic analysis. If the decision maker is unsure of input values, there is uncertainty. If the decision maker is sure, there is certainty. Risk refers either to risk exposure or risk attitude. Risk exposure is the probability of investing in a project that will have a less favorable economic outcome than what is desired (the target) or is expected. Risk attitude, also called risk preference, is the willingness of a decision maker to take a chance or gamble on an investment of uncertain outcome. The implications of decision makers having different risk attitudes is that a given investment of known risk exposure might be economically acceptable to an investor who is not particularly risk averse, but totally unacceptable to another investor who is very risk averse. Note 28212;For completeness, this guide covers both risk averse and risk taking attitudes. Most investors, however, are likely to be risk averse. The principles described herein apply both to the typical case where investors have different degrees of risk aversion and to the atypical case where some investors are risk taking while others are risk averse. No single technique can be labeled the best technique in every situation for treating uncertainty, risk, or both. What is best depends on the following: availability of data, availability of resources (time, money, expertise), computational aids (for example, computer services), user understanding, ability to measure risk exposure and risk attitude, risk attitude of decision makers, level of risk exposure of the project, and size of the investment relative to the institution''s portfolio.1.1 This guide covers techniques for treating uncertainty in input values to an economic analysis of a building investment project. It also recommends techniques for evaluating the risk that a project will have a less favorable economic outcome than what is desired or expected. 1.2 The techniques include breakeven analysis, sensitivity analysis, risk-adjusted discounting, the mean-variance criterion and coefficient of variation, decision analysis, simulation, and stochastic dominance. 1.3 The techniques can be used with economic methods that measure economic performance, such as life-cycle cost analysis, net benefits, the benefit-to-cost ratio, internal rate of return, and payback.

Standard Guide for Selecting Techniques for Treating Uncertainty and Risk in the Economic Evaluation of Buildings and Building Systems

ASTM E2204-11a 建筑相关项目经济影响总结的标准指南

This guide reduces the time and effort to communicate the findings of project impact studies and improves the quality of communication between those who measure economic impacts and those who evaluate and interpret them. Following the guide assures the user that relevant economic information on the project is included in a summary format that is understandable to both the preparer and user. Since the standard guide provides a consistent approach to reporting the economic impacts of projects, it facilitates the comparison of economic studies across projects and over time. The guide focuses on projects in construction and building-related research. It applies to government as well as private projects. And while the examples treat building-related projects, the guide is applicable to non-building-related projects as well. Building-sector users of this guide include building owners and managers, private-sector construction companies, research groups in building and construction industry trade associations, parties to public-sector construction projects, and government laboratories conducting building-related research. Use the guide to summarize the results of economic impact studies that use Practices E917 (Life-Cycle Costs), E964 (Benefit-to-Cost and Savings-to-Investment Ratios), E1057 (Internal Rate of Return and Adjusted Internal Rate of Return), E1074 (Net Benefits and Net Savings), E1121 (Payback), E1699 (Value Analysis), and E1765 (Analytical Hierarchy Process for Multiattribute Decision Analysis). Use this guide in conjunction with Guide E1369 to summarize the results of economic impact studies involving natural or man-made hazards, or both, that occur infrequently but have significant consequences. Use the guide to summarize the impacts of projects that affect exclusively initial costs, benefits, or savings, as well as projects that affect life-cycle costs, benefits, or savings. Note 18212;Examples of projects dealing exclusively with initial costs, benefits, or savings include design modifications or innovative construction practices that reduce labor or material costs, reduce construction duration, or increase construction productivity, but leave future costs, benefits, or savings unchanged. Use the guide to summarize the impacts of projects that affect parties that are internal to the organization preparing the summary as well as projects that affect not only the organization preparing the summary but also groups external to the organization. Note 28212;Projects whose impacts are internal only correspond to situations where the organization preparing the summary bears all of the costs and receives all of the benefits or savings, or both, from the project. Examples include, but are not limited to, the use of innovative construction practices or alternative building materials, components, or systems that reduce initial costs or future costs, or both, to the building owner. Note 38212;Projects with a public-sector component frequently have impacts that reach beyond th.........

Standard Guide for Summarizing the Economic Impacts of Building-Related Projects

BS ISO 15686-10:2010 房屋和建筑资产.使用寿命预期.评估功能性能的时机

Buildings and constructed assets. Service life planning. When to assess functional performance

CECA/GC 3-2010 建设项目工程结算编审规程

本规程适用于工程造价咨询企业承担的新建、扩建、改建等建设项目工程结算编制与审查的咨询服务。工程造价管理机构在进行工程造价咨询成果的质量监督检查时应遵循本规程。

Regulations for Compilation and Examination of Construction Project Accounting Settlement

ISO 10845-1:2010 建筑采购.第1部分:流程,方法和规程

This part of ISO 10845 describes processes, methods and procedures for the establishment within an organization of a procurement system that is fair, equitable, transparent, competitive and cost-effective.

Construction procurement - Part 1: Processes, methods and procedures

DB23/T 1370-2010 黑龙江省建设工程项目全过程造价管理规范

Heilongjiang province construction project whole process cost management specification

ANSI/ACCA 5QI Addendum-2010 HVAC质量安装规范

HVAC Quality Installation Specification

ANSI/ACCA 5QI-2010 HVAC质量安装检修规程

HVAC Quality Installation Specification

ASTM E1699-10 对建筑物、建筑系统以及其他构筑物进行价值分析的标准实施规程

Perform VA during the planning, design, and construction phases of a project. The most effective application of value analysis is early in the design phase of a project. Changes or redirection in the design can be accommodated without extensive redesign at this point, thereby saving the owner/user/stakeholder''s time and money. During the earliest stages of design, refer to value analysis as value planning. Use the procedure to analyze predesign documents, for example, program documents and space planning documents. At the predesign stage, perform VA to define the project''s functions, and to achieve consensus on the project''s direction and approach by the project team, for example, the owner, the design professional, the user, and the construction manager. By participating in this early VA exercise, members of the project team communicate their needs to the other team members and identify those needs in the common language of functions. By expressing the project in these terms early in the design process, the project team minimizes miscommunication and redesign, which are costly in both labor expenditures and schedule delays. Also perform value analysis during schematic design (up to 15 % design completion), design development (up to 45 % design completion), and construction documents (up to 100 % design completion). Conduct VA studies at several stages of design completion to define or confirm project functions, to verify technical and management approaches, to analyze selection of equipment and materials, and to assess the project''s economics and technical feasibility. Perform VA studies concurrently with the user/owner''s design review schedules to maintain the project schedule. Through the schematic design and design development stages, the VA team analyzes the drawings and specifications from each technical discipline. During the construction documents stage, the VA team analyzes the design drawings and specifications, as well as the details, and equipment selection, which are more clearly defined at this later stage. A value analysis study performed at a 90 to 100 % completion stage, just prior to bidding, concentrates on economics and technical feasibility. Consider methods of construction, phasing of construction, and procurement. The goals at this stage of design are to minimize construction costs and the potential for claims; analyze management and administration; and review the design, equipment, and materials used. During construction, analyze value analysis change proposals (VACP) of the contractor. VACPs reduce the cost or duration of construction or present alternative methods of construction, without reducing performance or acceptance. At this stage the alternatives presented to the owner/user/stakeholder are called value analysis change proposals. To encourage the contractor to propose worthwhile VACPs, the owner and the contractor share the resultant savings when permitted by contract. The number and timing of VA studies varies for every project. The owner/user/stakeholder, the design professional, and the value analyst determine the best approach jointly. A complex or expensive facility, or a design that will be used repeatedly, warrants a minimum of two VA studies, performed at the predesign and design development stages.1.1 This practice covers a procedure for defining and satisfying the functions of a project. 1.2 A multidisciplinary team uses the procedure to convert stakeholder constraints, needs, and desires into descriptions of project functions and then relates these functions to revenues and cost. 1.3 Examples of costs are all relevant costs over a designated study period, including the costs of obtaining funds, designing, purchasing/leasing, constructing/installing, operating, maintaining, repairing, replacing and disposing of the particular building design or system (see Ter......

Standard Practice for Performing Value Analysis (VA) of Buildings and Building Systems and Other Constructed Projects

NF P03-001/A1:2009 私人契约.典型规范.用于建筑工程的私人契约的合同规程

Private contracts - Typical specifications - Contract procedure for building works, private contracts.

DIN 276-4:2009 建筑成本 第4部分:民用建筑

Building costs - Part 4: Civil constructions

LD/T 72.4-2008 建设工程劳动定额 建筑工程-砌筑工程

Construction Engineering Labor Quota Construction Engineering - Masonry Works

LD/T 72.8-2008 建设工程劳动定额 建筑工程-混凝土工程

Construction Engineering Labor Quota Construction Engineering - Concrete Engineering

LD/T 72.5-2008 建设工程劳动定额 建筑工程-木结构工程

Construction Engineering Labor Quota Construction Engineering - Timber Structure Engineering

LD/T 72.11-2008 建设工程劳动定额 建筑工程-防腐、隔热、保温工程

Construction engineering labor quota construction engineering - anticorrosion, heat insulation, thermal insulation engineering

LD/T 75.3-2008 建设工程劳动定额 园林绿化工程-园林景观工程

Construction Engineering Labor Quota Landscaping Engineering-Landscape Engineering

LD/T 72.9-2008 建设工程劳动定额 建筑工程-防水工程

Construction Engineering Labor Quota Construction Engineering-Waterproofing Engineering