ESDU 92012-1992
燃烧设备中的结垢和结渣

FOULING AND SLAGGING IN COMBUSTION PLANT

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标准号

ESDU 92012-1992

发布

1992年

发布单位

ESDU - Engineering Sciences Data Unit

当前最新

ESDU 92012-1992

 

 

适用范围

PURPOSE AND SCOPE OF THIS ITEM This Item is one in a group on the fouling of heat exchanger surfaces and deals particularly with flue gas streams. Conditions in combustion equipment vary widely from relatively low temperatures at the stack to over 1500??in the radiant sections of the boiler and over 1800??in the flame. The size of solid particles carried in the flue gases may vary from sub-micron to a few millimetres in diameter. The shape and consistency of particles varies throughout the equipment@ as well as between different fuels and equipment designs@ ranging from near spherical to grossly irregular shapes and from the solid to the molten state. Sketch 2.1 presents a simplified guide to the Data Item@ and it is intended to illustrate the logical steps from an assessment of the potential problems to the possible solutions and the cleaning of equipment. The introduction to the Item (Section 3) includes definitions of fouling and slagging and discusses the effects of methods of combustion on the potential for deposition. The consequences of deposition on efficiency are discussed. Mechanisms by which surfaces become contaminated with particles and deposits which result from chemical reactions and corrosion are outlined in Section 4. I n Section 5 the principles of combustion are discussed in some detail in relation to different fuels@ for example@ coal@ oil@ natural gas and waste products@ and with particular reference to heat transfer surface contamination. The chemical reactions that are responsible for deposit formation are outlined for the different fuels. Section 6 provides techniques@ which are largely empirical@ for the assessment of fouling and slagging propensity. Based on an appreciation of mechanisms of fouling and slagging@ techniques are presented in Section 7 for the limitation of these problems in combustion systems. These include blending@ combustion conditions and the use of additives. Section 8 provides a discussion of cleaning techniques that might be applied during operation (on-line) or after shutdown (off-load). Section 9 discusses the implication of fouling and slagging for the design of combustion equipment with tentative recommendations on good design practice.

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