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The relationship between Rockwell hardness and Vickers hardness
The relationship between Rockwell hardness and Vickers hardness, Total:146 items.
In the international standard classification, The relationship between Rockwell hardness and Vickers hardness involves: Testing of metals, Surface treatment and coating, Shafts and couplings, Mechanical testing, Measurement of volume, mass, density, viscosity, Ceramics, Powder metallurgy, Insulating materials, Welding, brazing and soldering, Materials for aerospace construction, Fasteners, Measurement of force, weight and pressure.
American Society for Testing and Materials (ASTM), The relationship between Rockwell hardness and Vickers hardness
- ASTM E140-97e2 Standard Hardness Conversion Tables for Metals Relationship Among Brinell Hardness, Vickers Hardness, Rockwell Hardness, Superficial Hardness, Knoop Hardness, and Scleroscope Hardness
- ASTM E140-05 Standard Hardness Conversion Tables for Metals Relationship Among Brinell Hardness, Vickers Hardness, Rockwell Hardness, Superficial Hardness, Knoop Hardness, and Scleroscope Hardness
- ASTM E140-05e1 Standard Hardness Conversion Tables for Metals Relationship Among Brinell Hardness, Vickers Hardness, Rockwell Hardness, Superficial Hardness, Knoop Hardness, and Scleroscope Hardness
- ASTM E140-97e3 Standard Hardness Conversion Tables for Metals Relationship Among Brinell Hardness, Vickers Hardness, Rockwell Hardness, Superficial Hardness, Knoop Hardness, and Scleroscope Hardness
- ASTM E140-02e1 Standard Hardness Conversion Tables for Metals Relationship Among Brinell Hardness, Vickers Hardness, Rockwell Hardness, Superficial Hardness, Knoop Hardness, and Scleroscope Hardness
- ASTM E140-02 Standard Hardness Conversion Tables for Metals Relationship Among Brinell Hardness, Vickers Hardness, Rockwell Hardness, Superficial Hardness, Knoop Hardness, and Scleroscope Hardness
- ASTM E140-12B(2019)e1 Standard Hardness Conversion Tables for Metals Relationship Among Brinell Hardness, Vickers Hardness, Rockwell Hardness, Superficial Hardness, Knoop Hardness, Scleroscope Hardness, and Leeb Hardness
- ASTM E140-12be1 Standard Hardness Conversion Tables for Metals Relationship Among Brinell Hardness, Vickers Hardness, Rockwell Hardness, Superficial Hardness, Knoop Hardness, Scleroscope Hardness, and Leeb Hardness
- ASTM E140-07 Standard Hardness Conversion Tables for Metals Relationship Among Brinell Hardness, Vickers Hardness, Rockwell Hardness, Superficial Hardness, Knoop Hardness, and Scleroscope Hardness
- ASTM E140-12b Standard Hardness Conversion Tables for Metals Relationship Among Brinell Hardness, Vickers Hardness, Rockwell Hardness, Superficial Hardness, Knoop Hardness, Scleroscope Hardness, and Leeb Hardness
- ASTM E18-00 Standard Test Methods for Rockwell Hardness and Rockwell Superficial Hardness of Metallic Materials
- ASTM E18-03e1 Standard Test Methods for Rockwell Hardness and Rockwell Superficial Hardness of Metallic Materials
- ASTM E18-03 Standard Test Methods for Rockwell Hardness and Rockwell Superficial Hardness of Metallic Materials
- ASTM E18-02 Standard Test Methods for Rockwell Hardness and Rockwell Superficial Hardness of Metallic Materials
- ASTM E18-05e1 Standard Test Methods for Rockwell Hardness and Rockwell Superficial Hardness of Metallic Materials
- ASTM E18-05 Standard Test Methods for Rockwell Hardness and Rockwell Superficial Hardness of Metallic Materials
- ASTM E18-20 Standard Test Methods for Rockwell Hardness and Rockwell Superficial Hardness of Metallic Materials
- ASTM E384-11e1 Standard Test Method for Knoop and Vickers Hardness of Materials
- ASTM E110-14(2023) Standard Test Method for Rockwell and Brinell Hardness of Metallic Materials by Portable Hardness Testers
- ASTM E92-17 Standard Test Methods for Vickers Hardness and Knoop Hardness of Metallic Materials
- ASTM E92-16 Standard Test Methods for Vickers Hardness and Knoop Hardness of Metallic Materials
- ASTM E92-23 Standard Test Methods for Vickers Hardness and Knoop Hardness of Metallic Materials
- ASTM E384-11 Standard Test Method for Knoop and Vickers Hardness of Materials
- ASTM D785-98e1 Standard Test Method for Rockwell Hardness of Plastics and Electrical Insulating Materials
- ASTM D785-03 Standard Test Method for Rockwell Hardness of Plastics and Electrical Insulating Materials
- ASTM D785-23 Standard Test Method for Rockwell Hardness of Plastics and Electrical Insulating Materials
- ASTM D785-08 Standard Test Method for Rockwell Hardness of Plastics and Electrical Insulating Materials
PL-PKN, The relationship between Rockwell hardness and Vickers hardness
- PN H04357-1993 Steel and cast steel. Comparative tables of the Rockwell, Vickers, Brinell and Shore. Hardnes and tensile strength values
- PN-EN ISO 22826-2021-08 E Destructive tests on welds in metallic materials -- Hardness testing of narrow joints welded by laser and electron beam (Vickers and Knoop hardness tests) (ISO 22826:2005)
AASHTO - American Association of State Highway and Transportation Officials, The relationship between Rockwell hardness and Vickers hardness
- T 80-2008 Standard Method of Test for Rockwell Hardness and Rockwell Superficial Hardness of Metallic Materials
- T 80-1994 Standard Method of Test for Rockwell Hardness and Rockwell Superficial Hardness of Metallic Materials
- T 80-2006 Standard Method of Test for Rockwell Hardness and Rockwell Superficial Hardness of Metallic Materials
- T 80-1996 Standard Specification for Rockwell Hardness and Rockwell Superficial Hardness of Metallic Materials (Nineteenth Edition; ASTM E18-94)
- T 80-2005 Standard Method of Test for Rockwell Hardness and Rockwell Superficial Hardness of Metallic Materials (ASTM Designation: E 18-03)
- T 80-2003 Standard Method of Test for Rockwell Hardness and Rockwell Superficial Hardness of Metallic Materials (ASTM Designation: E 18-02)
- T 80-2000 Standard Method of Test for Rockwell Hardness and Rockwell Superficial Hardness of Metallic Materials (Twentieth Edition; ASTM E18-98)
- T 80-2002 Standard Method of Test for Rockwell Hardness and Rockwell Superficial Hardness of Metallic Materials (HM-22; Part IIA; ASTM Designation E 18-00)
SE-SIS, The relationship between Rockwell hardness and Vickers hardness
Korean Agency for Technology and Standards (KATS), The relationship between Rockwell hardness and Vickers hardness
- KS D 8515-2009 Metallic and related coatings－Vickers and Knoop microhardness tests
- KS D 8515-2009(2020) Metallic and related coatings－Vickers and knoop microhardness tests
- KS B ISO 14271:2004 Vickers hardness testing of resistance spot, projection and seam welds(low load and microhardness)
- KS B ISO 14271:2019 Resistance welding — Vickers hardness testing (low-force and microhardness) of resistance spot, projection, and seam welds
- KS B ISO 22826-2016(2021) Destructive tests on welds in metallic materials－Hardness testing of narrow joints welded by laser and electron beam(Vickers and Knoop hardness tests)
- KS B ISO 22826:2006 Destructive tests on welds in metallic materials-Hardness testing of narrow joints welded by laser and electron beam(Vickers and Knoop hardness tests)
- KS B ISO 22826:2016 Destructive tests on welds in metallic materials－Hardness testing of narrow joints welded by laser and electron beam(Vickers and Knoop hardness tests)
- KS B 5526-2003(2018)
International Organization for Standardization (ISO), The relationship between Rockwell hardness and Vickers hardness
- ISO 4516:1980 Metallic and related coatings; Vickers and Knoop microhardness tests
- ISO/R 1024:1969 Rockwell superficial hardness test (N and T scales) for steel
- ISO/R 1079:1969 Verification of Rockwell superficial N and T scale hardness testing machines
- ISO/R 716:1968 Verification of Rockwell B and C scale hardness testing machines
- ISO 14271:2000 Vickers hardness testing of resistance spot, projection and seam welds (low load and microhardness)
- ISO/R 1355:1970 Calibration of standardized blocks to be used for Rockwell superficial N and T scale hardness testing machines
- ISO/R 674:1968 Calibration of standardized blocks to be used for Rockwell B and C scale hardness testing machines
- ISO 1355:1989 Metallic materials; hardness test; calibration of standardized blocks to be used for Rockwell superficial hardness testing machines (scales 15N, 30N, 45N, 15T, 30T and 45T)
- ISO 22826:2005 Destructive tests on welds in metallic materials - Hardness testing of narrow joints welded by laser and electron beam (Vickers and Knoop hardness tests)
- ISO 14271:2011 Resistance welding - Vickers hardness testing (low-force and microhardness) of resistance spot, projection, and seam welds
- ISO 14271:2017 Resistance welding - Vickers hardness testing (low-force and microhardness) of resistance spot, projection, and seam welds
- ISO 14271:2011/Cor 1:2012 Resistance welding — Vickers hardness testing (low-force and microhardness) of resistance spot, projection, and seam welds — Technical Corrigendum 1
- ISO/DIS 6508-2 Metallic materials — Rockwell hardness test — Part 2: Verification and calibration of testing machines and indenters
- ISO 6508-2:2015 Metallic materials - Rockwell hardness test - Part 2: Verification and calibration of testing machines and indenters
- ISO/FDIS 6508-2:2023 Metallic materials — Rockwell hardness test — Part 2: Verification and calibration of testing machines and indenters
- ISO 6508-2:2022 Metallic materials — Rockwell hardness test — Part 2: Verification and calibration of testing machines and indenters
- ISO/R 399:1964 Vickers hardness test for copper and copper alloys (Test loads from 2.5 to 50 kgf)
Danish Standards Foundation, The relationship between Rockwell hardness and Vickers hardness
- DS/ISO 4516:1983 Metallic and related coatings. Vickers and Knoop microhardness tests
- DS/EN 843-4:2005 Advanced technical ceramics – Mechanical properties of monolithic ceramics at room temperature – Part 4: Vickers, Knoop and Rockwell superficial hardness
- DS/EN ISO 3738-2:2006 Hardmetals – Rockwell hardness test (scale A) – Part 2: Preparation and calibration of standard test blocks
- DS/ENV 843-4:1994 Advanced technical ceramics-Monolitic ceramics-Mechanical properties at room temperature-Part 4:Vickers,Knoop and Rockwell Superficial hardness tests
- DS/EN ISO 14271:2011 Resistance welding - Vickers hardness testing (low-force and microhardness) of resistance spot, projection, and seam welds
- DS/EN ISO 14271/AC:2012 Resistance welding - Vickers hardness testing (low-force and microhardness) of resistance spot, projection, and seam welds
- DS/EN ISO 22826:2021 Destructive tests on welds in metallic materials – Hardness testing of narrow joints welded by laser and electron beam (Vickers and Knoop hardness tests) (ISO 22826:2005)
Association Francaise de Normalisation, The relationship between Rockwell hardness and Vickers hardness
- NF A91-118:1981 Metallic coatings. Vickers and Knoop microhardness tests.
- NF EN 843-4:2005 Céramiques techniques avancées - Propriétés mécaniques des céramiques monolithiques à température ambiante - Partie 4 : essais de dureté Vickers, Knoop et Rockwell superficiel
- NF B41-209*NF EN 843-4:2005 Advanced technical ceramics - Mechanical properties of monolithic ceramics at room temperature - Part 4 : Vickers, Knoop and Rockwell superficial hardness.
- NF EN ISO 22826:2021 Essais destructifs des soudures sur matériaux métalliques - Essais de dureté sur joints étroits soudés par faisceau d'électrons et faisceau laser (Essais de dureté Vickers et Knoop)
- NF EN ISO 3738-2:2006 Métaux-durs - Essai de dureté Rockwell (échelle A) - Partie 2 : préparation et étalonnage des blocs de référence
- NF A03-022:1994 METALLIC MATERIALS. HARDNESS TEST. PART 2 : VERIFICATION OF ROCKWELL HARDNESS TESTING MACHINES (SCALES A, B, C, D, E, F, G, H, K, N, T). (EUROPEAN STANDARD EN 10109-2).
- NF A89-568*NF EN ISO 14271:2017 Resistance welding - Vickers hardness testing (low-force and microhardness) of resistance spot, projection, and seam welds
- NF A89-209*NF EN ISO 22826:2021 Destructive tests on welds in metallic materials - Hardness testing of narrow joints welded by laser and electron beam (Vickers and Knoop hardness tests)
- NF A03-820:1981 Zinc and zinc alloys. Method for the Vickers hardness testing on foils and coils.
- NF A03-023:1994 METALLIC MATERIALS. HARDNESS TEST. PART 3 : CALIBRATION OF STANDARDIZED BLOCKS TO BE USED FOR ROCKWELL HARDNESS TESTING MACHINES (SCALES A, B, C, D, E, F, G, H, K, N, T). (EUROPEAN STANDARD EN 10109-3).
RU-GOST R, The relationship between Rockwell hardness and Vickers hardness
- GOST 8.064-1994 State system for ensuring the uniformity of measurements. State verification shedule for means measuring hardness on Rockwell and Super-Rockwell scales
- GOST 8.064-1979 State system for ensuring the uniformity of measurements. The state special standard of unit of hardness on rockwell and super-rockwell scales
- GOST R ISO 22826-2012 Destructive tests on welds in metallic materials. Hardness testing of narrow joints welded by laser and electron beam (Vickers and Knoop hardness test)
German Institute for Standardization, The relationship between Rockwell hardness and Vickers hardness
- DIN 50103-3:2017-05 Testing of metallic materials - Rockwell hardness test - Part 3: Modified Rockwell scales Bm and Fm for thin steel sheet
- DIN 30999:1999 Hardmetals - Rockwell test (scales A and 45N) - Calibration of reference blocks out of hardmetals to be used for the verification and calibration of hardness testing machines
- DIN EN 843-4:2005 Advanced technical ceramics - Mechanical properties of monolithic ceramics at room temperature - Part 4: Vickers, Knoop and Rockwell superficial hardness; German version EN 843-4:2005
- DIN EN ISO 3738-2:2006-06 Hardmetals - Rockwell hardness test (scale A) - Part 2: Preparation and calibration of standard test blocks (ISO 3738-2:1988); German version EN ISO 3738-2:2006
- DIN EN ISO 14271:2018-01 Resistance welding - Vickers hardness testing (low-force and microhardness) of resistance spot, projection, and seam welds (ISO 14271:2017); German version EN ISO 14271:2017
- DIN ISO 22826:2008 Destructive tests on welds in metallic materials - Hardness testing of narrow joints welded by laser and electron beam (Vickers and Knoop hardness tests) (ISO 22826:2005)
- DIN EN ISO 22826:2020 Destructive tests on welds in metallic materials - Hardness testing of narrow joints welded by laser and electron beam (Vickers and Knoop hardness tests) (ISO 22826:2005); German and English version prEN ISO 22826:2020
- DIN EN ISO 14271:2018 Resistance welding - Vickers hardness testing (low-force and microhardness) of resistance spot, projection, and seam welds (ISO 14271:2017)
- DIN EN ISO 6508-2:2022-12 Metallic materials - Rockwell hardness test - Part 2: Verification and calibration of testing machines and indenters (ISO/DIS 6508-2:2022); German and English version prEN ISO 6508-2:2022 / Note: Date of issue 2022-11-18*Intended as replacement for DIN...
- DIN EN ISO 6508-2:2015-06 Metallic materials - Rockwell hardness test - Part 2: Verification and calibration of testing machines and indenters (ISO 6508-2:2015); German version EN ISO 6508-2:2015 / Note: To be replaced by DIN EN ISO 6508-2 (2022-12).
YU-JUS, The relationship between Rockwell hardness and Vickers hardness
- JUS G.S2.527-1984 Plastics. Determination of hardness by the ball indentation method. Rockwell hardness
HU-MSZT, The relationship between Rockwell hardness and Vickers hardness
IN-BIS, The relationship between Rockwell hardness and Vickers hardness
British Standards Institution (BSI), The relationship between Rockwell hardness and Vickers hardness
- BS EN 843-4:2005 Advanced technical ceramics — Mechanical properties of monolithic ceramics at room temperature — Part 4: Vickers, Knoop and Rockwell
superficial hardness
- BS EN 843-4:2007 Advanced technical ceramics - Mechanical properties of monolithic ceramics at room temperature - Vickers, Knoop and Rockwell superficial hardness
- DD ENV 843-4-1995 Advanced technical ceramics. Monolithic ceramics. Mechanical properties at room temperatures. Vickers, Knoop and Rockwell superficial hardness tests
- BS EN ISO 22826:2021 Destructive tests on welds in metallic materials. Hardness testing of narrow joints welded by laser and electron beam (Vickers and Knoop hardness tests)
- BS EN ISO 3738-2:2006 Hardmetals - Rockwell hardness test (scale A) - Preparation and calibration of standard test blocks
- BS EN ISO 14271:2017 Resistance welding. Vickers hardness testing (low-force and microhardness) of resistance spot, projection, and seam welds
- BS EN ISO 14271:2011 Resistance welding. Vickers hardness testing (low-force and microhardness) of resistance spot, projection, and seam welds
- BS ISO 22826:2006 Destructive tests on welds in metallic materials - Hardness testing of narrow joints welded by laser and electron beam (Vickers and Knoop hardness tests)
- BS EN ISO 6508-2:2015 Tracked Changes. Metallic materials. Rockwell hardness test. Verification and calibration of testing machines and indenters
TH-TISI, The relationship between Rockwell hardness and Vickers hardness
- TIS 244.1-3-1977 Standard methods of test for iron and steel.part Ⅰ: vickers hardness test for steel.part Ⅱ: brinell hardness test for steel and cast iron.part Ⅲ: rockwell hardness test for steel (b and c scales)
- TIS 244.10-1981 Standard methods of test for iron and steel.part 10: rockwell hardness test (scale a)
General Administration of Quality Supervision, Inspection and Quarantine of the People‘s Republic of China, The relationship between Rockwell hardness and Vickers hardness
- GB/T 10420-2002 Steel bonded tungsten carbides--Determination of rockwell hardness(scales C and A)
- GB 9790-1988 Metallic and related coatings--Vickers and Knoop microhardness tests
- GB/T 9790-1988 Metallic and related coatings--Vickers and knoop microhardness tests
- GB/T 3849.2-2010 Hardmetals.Rockwell hardness test (scale A).Part 2:Preparation and calibration of standard test blocks
The American Road & Transportation Builders Association, The relationship between Rockwell hardness and Vickers hardness
- AASHTO T 80-2002 Standard Method of Test for Rockwell Hardness and Rockwell Superficial Hardness of Metallic Materials HM-22; Part IIA; ASTM Designation E 18-00
CZ-CSN, The relationship between Rockwell hardness and Vickers hardness
Lithuanian Standards Office , The relationship between Rockwell hardness and Vickers hardness
- LST EN 843-4-2005 Advanced technical ceramics - Mechanical properties of monolithic ceramics at room temperature - Part 4: Vickers, Knoop and Rockwell superficial hardness
- LST EN ISO 3738-2:2006 Hardmetals - Rockwell hardness test (scale A) - Part 2: Preparation and calibration of standard test blocks (ISO 3738-2:1988)
- LST EN ISO 22826:2021 Destructive tests on welds in metallic materials - Hardness testing of narrow joints welded by laser and electron beam (Vickers and Knoop hardness tests) (ISO 22826:2005)
- LST EN ISO 14271:2011 Resistance welding - Vickers hardness testing (low-force and microhardness) of resistance spot, projection, and seam welds (ISO 14271:2011)
Japanese Industrial Standards Committee (JISC), The relationship between Rockwell hardness and Vickers hardness
- JIS B 7726:2017 Rockwell hardness test -- Verification and calibration of testing machines and indenters
- JIS B 7725:2020 Vickers hardness test -- Verification and calibration of testing machines
KR-KS, The relationship between Rockwell hardness and Vickers hardness
- KS D ISO 3738-2-2012 Hardmetals－Rockwell hardness test(scale A)－Part 2：Preparation and calibration of standard test blocks
- KS B ISO 14271-2019 Resistance welding — Vickers hardness testing (low-force and microhardness) of resistance spot, projection, and seam welds
- KS B ISO 22826-2016 Destructive tests on welds in metallic materials－Hardness testing of narrow joints welded by laser and electron beam(Vickers and Knoop hardness tests)
European Committee for Standardization (CEN), The relationship between Rockwell hardness and Vickers hardness
- DD ENV 843-4-1994 Advanced Technical Ceramics - Monolithic Ceramics - Mechanical Properties at Room Temperature Part 4: Vickers, Knoop and Rockwell Superficial Hardness Tests
- EN 843-4:2005 Advanced technical ceramics - Mechanical properties of monolithic ceramics at room temperature - Part 4: Vickers, Knoop and Rockwell superficial hardness
- EN ISO 14271:2017 Resistance welding - Vickers hardness testing (low-force and microhardness) of resistance spot@ projection@ and seam welds
- EN ISO 14271:2011 Resistance welding - Vickers hardness testing (low-force and microhardness) of resistance spot, projection, and seam welds (Incorporating corrigendum April 2012)
- EN ISO 22826:2021 Destructive tests on welds in metallic materials - Hardness testing of narrow joints welded by laser and electron beam (Vickers and Knoop hardness tests) (ISO 22826:2005)
- EN 14399-3:2015 High-strength structural bolting assemblies for preloading - Part 3: System HR - Hexagon bolt and nut assemblies
ZA-SANS, The relationship between Rockwell hardness and Vickers hardness
- SANS 4516:1980 Metallic and related coatings - Vickers and Knoop microhardness tests
RO-ASRO, The relationship between Rockwell hardness and Vickers hardness
- STAS 9114-1971 CALIBRATION OF STANDARDIZED BLOCKS FOB ROCKWELL SUPERFICIAL, N AND T SCALES HARDNESS TESTING MACHINES
Society of Automotive Engineers (SAE), The relationship between Rockwell hardness and Vickers hardness
- SAE AMS5354F-2012 Steel, Corrosion and Heat Resistant, Investment Castings 13Cr 2.0Ni 3.0W Hardened and Tempered to 32 - 38 HRC
ES-UNE, The relationship between Rockwell hardness and Vickers hardness
- UNE-EN ISO 14271:2018 Resistance welding - Vickers hardness testing (low-force and microhardness) of resistance spot, projection, and seam welds (ISO 14271:2017)
- UNE-EN ISO 6508-2:2015 Metallic materials - Rockwell hardness test - Part 2: Verification and calibration of testing machines and indenters (ISO 6508-2:2015)
AENOR, The relationship between Rockwell hardness and Vickers hardness
- UNE-EN ISO 3738-2:2007 Hardmetals - Rockwell hardness test (scale A) - Part 2: Preparation and calibration of standard test blocks (ISO 3738-2:1988)
CEN - European Committee for Standardization, The relationship between Rockwell hardness and Vickers hardness
- EN ISO 14271:2001 Vickers Hardness Testing of Resistance Spot@ Projection and Seam Welds (Low Load and Microhardness)
IT-UNI, The relationship between Rockwell hardness and Vickers hardness
- UNI EN ISO 22826:2021 Destructive tests on welds in metallic materials - Hardness testing of narrow joints welded by laser and electron beam (Vickers and Knoop hardness tests)
GOSTR, The relationship between Rockwell hardness and Vickers hardness
- GOST ISO 22826-2017 Destructive tests on welds in metallic materials. Hardness testing of narrow joints welded by laser and electron beam (Vickers and Knoop hardness tests)
AT-ON, The relationship between Rockwell hardness and Vickers hardness
- OENORM EN ISO 22826:2021 Destructive tests on welds in metallic materials - Hardness testing of narrow joints welded by laser and electron beam (Vickers and Knoop hardness tests) (ISO 22826:2005)
Standard Association of Australia （SAA）, The relationship between Rockwell hardness and Vickers hardness
- AS 1817.2:2002 Metallic materials - Vickers hardness test - Verification of testing machines
- AS 1816.2:2007 Metallic materials - Brinell hardness test - Verification and calibration of testing machines
国家市场监督管理总局、中国国家标准化管理委员会, The relationship between Rockwell hardness and Vickers hardness
- GB/T 9790-2021 Metallic materials—Vickers and Knoop microhardness tests of metallic and other inorganic coatings
BE-NBN, The relationship between Rockwell hardness and Vickers hardness
BELST, The relationship between Rockwell hardness and Vickers hardness
- STB 8009-98 System for ensuring the uniformity of measurement of Belarus. Hardness testing machines Rockwell systems A, B, C, N, T. Methods of verification