低碳土地交通的障碍和克服它们的政策
The barriers to low-carbon land-transport and policies to overcome them
作者:Oliver Lah;
关键词:Sustainability,Fuel efficiency,Policies,Low-carbon transport,Climate change
DOI:https://doi.org/10.1007/s12544-014-0151-3
发表时间:2015年
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摘要
大幅提高效率的成本效益可在交通运输领域实现可持续发展路径。这可以通过已有的技术和实践来实现,不仅可以显著降低温室气体排放,还可以产生社会、环境和经济的共同利益。然而,采用低碳交通方式的进展严重落后于潜力。许多障碍导致了这种缺乏采纳。本文通过专门关注车辆燃油效率来探讨这些障碍,但也会触及改善交通运输效率和减少排放的更广泛政策框架。本文建议,燃料定价、差异化车辆税收、车辆标准和提供模式选择的组合是必要的,以最大程度地减少反弹效应,并在低成本甚至负成本下显著遏制交通运输排放。
Abstract
Considerable efficiency gains can be made cost-effectively to set the transport sector on a sustainable development pathway. They can be achieved through already available technologies and practices, which will not only reduce greenhouse gas emissions significantly, but also generate social, environmental and economic co-benefits. However, progress in the take-up of low-carbon mobility measures substantially lags behind the potential. A number of barriers contribute to this lack of uptake. This paper explores those barriers by focusing on vehicle fuel efficiency in particular, but will also touch on the wider policy framework to improve the efficiency of the transport sector and reduce emissions. The paper suggests that a combination of fuel pricing, differentiated vehicle taxation, vehicle standards and the provision of modal choice are necessary to minimise rebound effects and significantly curb transport sector greenhouse gas emissions at low- or even negative cost.
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